Page 23 - New Grammar with a Smile 6

Study this table to understand the rules of forming plurals.

Type Singular Rule Plural

Most nouns • rule add s • rules
• pen • pens

Nouns ending in s, • bus add es • buses
ss, sh, ch, x • dress • dresses
• brush • brushes
• church • churches
• box • boxes

Nouns ending in a • tomato add es • tomatoes
consonant followed • hero • heroes
by o

Nouns ending in a • ratio add s • ratios
vowel followed by o • radio • radios

Nouns ending in a • city change y to i • cities
consonant followed • daisy and add es • daisies
by y

Nouns ending in a • monkey add s • monkeys
vowel followed by y • play • plays

Nouns ending in f • dwarf • change f or fe • dwarfs/dwarves
or fe • scarf to v and add es • scarfs/scarves
• knife • and/or add s • knives
• thief • thieves

Exceptions • man some nouns • men
• goose undergo a • geese
• foot vowel change • feet

More exceptions • salmon do not change • salmon
• deer at all • deer
• jewellery • jewellery
• information • information

Unchanging • oats exist only in • oats
• trousers plural form • trousers
• pliers • pliers
• tweezers • tweezers

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