Page 4 - New Grammar with a Smile 6

Key Features

4. Exclamatory sentences express sudden Note
emotions and feelings. For example, Short commands also end with
• What pleasant weather it is! add s at the end of the word when it has no obvious principal word. For example,
exclamation marks as they
express both an order and a
• This is fabulous! ♦ • forget-me-not—forget-me-nots
strong emotion. For example,
• bus stop—bus stops
• lieutenant general—lieutenant generals
Exclamatory sentences end with an exclamation • Stop it! • Halt!
• spoonful—spoonfuls
mark. Plural forms of nouns of foreign origin focus on core essentials
A. Identify the kinds of sentences. Mark D for declarative sentences, and emphasis
English has many words that have been borrowed from Latin and Greek. These
words often make their plurals according to the rules of the language they were taken
I for interrogative sentences, IM for imperative sentences and E for
on conceptual
exclamatory sentences. from. Here are the rules for making plurals of foreign words. Plural understanding
Rule
Singular
Type
1. How many students can form a society? • bacterium change the • bacteria • page 25 • page 34
• data
Nouns ending
ending to a
• datum
in um
2. The news came as a complete surprise. • criterion change the • criteria • page 42 • page 50
Nouns ending
• phenomena
ending to a
• phenomenon
• page 66
in on
• antennas/antennae
3. When did they come to a decision? • antenna add s or e • vertebras/vertebrae
Nouns ending
• vertebra
in a
• fungi
4. How late the train is! Nouns ending • fungus change us to i • syllabi
• syllabus
in us
• crises
5. What a nice fellow he is! Nouns ending • crisis change i to e • oases
• oasis
in is
• vertices
change ex to
6. Can you play the piano? Nouns ending • vertex ices • vortices
• vortex
in ex
• matrices
change ix to
7. Wool comes from sheep. Nouns ending • matrix ices • appendices
• appendix
in ix
8. Did it rain last night? F. Write the plural forms of these nouns. 2. analysis
9. Take up the challenge. 1. stimulus 4. stratum
3. cactus
10. Maria is leaving for Morocco tomorrow. 6. criterion
5. phenomenon
8. larva
7. father-in-law 10. index
11. Pay attention. 9. vertebra 25
12. Many roads are still blocked.
the given sentences.
B. Find fifteen collective nouns in the word grid and use them to complete
Let’s Play
Get into groups of four. Then, each of you can use these phrases to make the four G T C R T O I U O N K
C
O
L
L
E
kinds of sentences―declarative, interrogative, imperative and exclamatory.
O
M
P
L
P
N
R
V
S
your feet this film learn Sanskrit S V N Q U B I O A E R R L E
W
T
my sister
A
F
T
visit grandparents go for picnic ride a bike R W T T E I L R V D
Q
E
play football Chinese food L A N I C F A L O C K E B U
S
L N G T S Y A S D K B
A R C H U A S R V M
activities that foster 21st century T I W I I 11 E L A G O
P
O
skills such as, communication, I O E P K D X B N R B
L
Z
teamwork and collaboration O P B U N C H M G H J
L
E
B
• page 11 • page 40 N challenging question types tha K
E
R
T
A
Vt promote
R
M
Y
X
L
• page 87 • page 100 1. We saw a inquiry, discovery and analysis
• page 113 2. A • page 21 • page 26
of kangaroos in the zoo.
3. The of dolphins was swimming along with the boat.
• page 77 • page 91
of directors had a meeting on Tuesday.
4. She has a good
of stamps.
5. We saw a
of stars at night.
6. A
7. A of sheep was grazing in the countryside.
of baboons damaged the garden.
8. Indonesia is the world’s largest
of islands.
9. Look up the place in the
10. The of maps.
of soldiers crossed the border.
11. The
of dancers performed well.
12. She handed over a
of arrows to the athlete.
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