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There are four kinds of conditional sentences.

                  1.  Zero conditional sentences
                     The zero conditional sentences are used to talk about scientific facts and general
                     truths. For example,

                     y   If you freeze water, it turns into ice.
                     y   If you brush your teeth twice a day, your teeth remain healthy.
                     y   If I study, I pass the exam.
                     In a zero conditional sentence, we use the simple present tense in both the clauses.

                  2.  First conditional sentences

                     The first conditional sentences are used to talk about a possible condition in the
                     present or future and its likely results. For example,

                     y   If it is hot, I will go for a swim.
                     y   If it is cold, I will stay home.
                     y   If I study, I will pass the exam.
                     In a first conditional sentence, we generally use the simple present tense in the
                     if-clause and simple future tense in the main clause.

                  3.  Second conditional sentences
                     The second conditional sentences are used to talk about a condition in the present
                     or future and it is very unlikely that this condition will be fulfilled.
                     For example,

                     y   If they invited me to the party, I would go.
                         (but it is unlikely that they’ll invite me)

                     y   If you asked her, she would help you.
                         (but you don’t seem to be willing to ask her)
                     y   If I studied, I would pass the exam. (but I don’t study)

                     In a second conditional sentence, we use the simple past tense in the if-clause and
                     the would + base form of verb in the main clause.
                  4.  Third conditional sentences

                     The third conditional sentences are used to talk about an unfulfilled condition in
                     the past. For example,

                     y   If you had studied harder, you would have passed.
                     y   If I hadn’t been tired, I would have gone out last night.
                     y   If I had studied, I would have passed the exam.
                     In a third conditional sentence, we use the past perfect tense in the if-clause and
                     the would have + past participle form of verb in the main clause.






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