Page 21 - New Grammar with a Smile 3

Let’s study the rules of forming plurals.

most nouns ends in ch, sh, s, ss, z or x ends in f or fe

add s add es remove f/fe, add ves
boy boys church churches leaf leaves

book books brush brushes thief thieves

chair chairs bus buses wife wives
eye eyes dress dresses

house houses quiz quizzes

apple apples fox foxes

ends in consonant + y ends in vowel + y some nouns

remove y, add ies add s follow no rules
city cities toy toys man men

family families monkey monkeys child children

butterfly butterflies day days ox oxen
army armies boy boys foot feet

lady ladies play plays person people

mouse mice

ends in consonant + o ends in vowel + o some other nouns

add es add s no change
potato potatoes radio radios sheep sheep

zero zeroes piano pianos deer deer

volcano volcanoes video videos aircraft aircraft
zoo zoos news news

luggage luggage

for things with two Note for nouns that refer to
parts joined together We can use a pair of to refer groups

stays plural to one. For example, stays plural

scissors scissors • I bought a new pair of jeans. clothes clothes
jeans jeans We use pairs of to refer to more stairs stairs

pants pants than one. For example, goods goods

glasses glasses • I bought three pairs of jeans.
shorts shorts These nouns take a plural verb.

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