Page 150 - New Grammar with a Smile 7

Apostrophe (’)

The apostrophe is used Exception

1. to form possessives of nouns.
For example, If the noun after of is a building, an
y the boy’s hat = the hat of the boy object or a piece of furniture, then no
y three days’ journey = journey of apostrophe is needed. For example,
three days y room of the hotel = hotel room
y the children’s game y door of the car = car door
y cover of the book = book cover
2. to show the omission of letters in
contractions. For example,
y I’ll go to school tomorrow. (I will)

y Who’s at the door? (Who is)
Hyphen (-)

The hyphen is used
1. to form compound nouns or compound adjectives. For example,

y son-in-law (compound noun)
y state-of-the-art design (compound adjective)
2. with compound numbers. For example,

y seventy-two
y fifty-five
3. with some prefixes. For example,

y ex-husband
y anti-nuclear
y great-grandmother

En Dash (–)

The en dash is wider than a hyphen but shorter than the em dash. The en dash is used

1. to show a span or range of numbers, dates or time. For example,
y 40–50 people
y 2001–2015
y 4–5 weeks
2. to link the terminal points on a route. For example,

y the Delhi–Kochi flight
3. to show a partnership. For example,

y India–Bangladesh agreement

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