Page 122 - New Grammar with a Smile 8

iii. Simple → Complex
Again, we need to introduce a new finite verb, but this time, the second clause has
to be a subordinate clause, not a coordinate clause. The subordinate clause could
be a noun clause, an adjective clause or an adverb clause. For example,

(In each of the following examples, the transformed complex sentence has the
subordinating conjunction or relative pronoun/adverb underlined and the finite
verbs italicised.)

• Having been driven out from their homes by the soldiers, the people revolted.
(simple)
• The people revolted, because they had been driven out from their homes by
the soldiers. (complex; adverb clause of reason)

• You may go to the place of your choice. (simple)
You may go wherever you choose. (complex; adverb clause of place)
• The new minister appears to be incompetent. (simple)
It appears that the new minister is incompetent. (complex; noun clause)

• I wish to speak to the person in charge. (simple)
I wish to speak to the person who is in charge. (complex; adjective clause)

C. Transform the following simple sentences into complex sentences.
1. According to wise men, only fools rush in.

2. He carried the fallen sparrow into the house.

3. Unknown to them, the Germans had marched into Paris.

4. During the war, people were on starvation rations.

5. He went for a walk after dinner.
6. Despite knowing the rules, he deliberately cheated.

7. He spoke to the man, newly arrived from London.

8. His innocence is incontestable.

9. The price of out-of-print books is rising.
10. Her returning on time is essential to her being allowed to go to the party.

iv. Complex → Simple

Here, we have to reduce the subordinate clause to a word or phrase. For example,
(In each of the following examples, only the finite verb of the transformed simple
sentence has been italicised.)

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